Records of Captain Clapperton's last expedition to Africa, Vol. 2 (of 2)

"Records of Captain Clapperton's last expedition to Africa, Vol. 2 (of 2)" by Lander is a travel narrative and historical account written in the early 19th century. It follows British explorer Hugh Clapperton through the eyes of his attendant Richard Lander, interweaving ethnographic sketches, natural history notes, and reports of regional wars with a stark, first-person chronicle of Clapperton’s decline, death, and Lander’s struggle to get home. The opening of the volume sets out the contents, then launches into Lander’s sweeping survey of central West Africa: quick character portraits, storytelling habits, and domestic life; extensive notes on flora, fauna, snakes, hyenas, elephants, birds, and crocodiles; and pointed claims about groups such as the Yam Yams, Arabs, and the Fulani (Falatahs). He recounts the rise of Dan Fodio and the founding of Sokoto, revolts in Gobir, and hard-fought conflicts with Bornu and Fundah—highlighting the murder of Bornu envoys at Kano, Bornu’s fiery assault tactics, and Bello’s failed attack on Fundah’s musket‑lined walls. The narrative then narrows to Sokoto: the cramped beehive hut, quiet evenings with cigars, songs, and bugle tunes, followed by Clapperton’s dysentery, Lander’s solitary nursing, the captain’s final instructions, and a lonely burial under a British flag near a village. Lander’s own fever, the Sultan’s seizure of arms and supplies, and an uneasy consent to leave are followed by departure with a vast caravan into the perilous Goober bush, where heat, dust, and thirst close the excerpt.